Endometrial Polyps

What Are Endometrial Polyps? And Should You Be Concerned?

Endometrial polyps are common, benign (non-cancerous) growths on the lining of the uterus (endometrium). They can vary in size, shape and number (from a few millimetres to several centimetres) and may appear gradually or suddenly.

Some women have no symptoms at all, with polyps discovered incidentally on an ultrasound. Others experience irregular bleeding, fertility difficulties, or postmenopausal bleeding, which can understandably cause concern.

Common Symptoms of Endometrial Polyps

Not all polyps cause symptoms. But if they do, you might notice some of the following:

  • Heavy or irregular periods

  • Bleeding between periods or after sex.

  • Spotting before or after your period.

  • Bleeding after menopause

  • Difficulty conceiving or repeated IVF failure

  • Early miscarriage

If you're experiencing any of these, it’s worth seeking specialist advice. Polyps are treatable, and in many cases, symptoms resolve immediately afterwards.

What Causes Endometrial Polyps?

While the exact cause isn’t fully understood, we do know that polyps are associated with oestrogen (a hormone that stimulates the uterine lining) and inflammation. Older women (over 40), metabolic conditions, hormone treatment, and certain genetic conditions increase the risk of developing uterine polyps.

How Are Polyps Diagnosed?

In Australia, the two most common methods are:

Pelvic Ultrasound

Often used as a first-line screening tool. However, polyps may be missed in up to half of cases, and it doesn’t allow for treatment.

Hysteroscopy (Gold Standard)

A thin telescope inserted through the cervix into the uterus. This allows polyps to be diagnosed and removed at the same time.

Dr Tan performs both in-clinic and hospital-based hysteroscopy, depending on your preference.

Trying to Conceive? Here's What to Know

Endometrial polyps are found in up to 30% of women experiencing fertility challenges or repeated IVF failure. They may:

  • Block sperm or embryo movement

  • Interfere with embryo implantation

  • Create inflammation that disrupts early pregnancy

Removing the polyp can double your chance of pregnancy, whether you’re trying naturally or through IVF.

Do I Need to Treat It?

It depends on your symptoms, age, and fertility goals.

Young women:

Many polyps resolve on their own in 1–2 cycles. If you have no symptoms and are not trying to conceive, monitoring may be enough.

Polyps with symptoms:

If you're experiencing abnormal bleeding or fertility issues, removal is usually recommended.

After menopause:

Any polyp after menopause, especially if bleeding is present, should be removed because there’s a 10% chance it could be cancerous.

Your Treatment Options and What to Expect

Hysteroscopic Polypectomy

The most effective treatment for polyp removal is a hysteroscopic resection. This minor procedure cuts or shaves the entire polyp under vision, including its stalk, while protecting the healthy uterine lining. This reduces the chance of regrowth and preserves fertility.

In-Clinic or Hospital?

In-clinic: Office hysteroscopy is a quick, well-tolerated procedure performed in private rooms without general anaesthetic thanks to special equipment and skilled techniques. Most women feel only mild cramping.

In hospital (day surgery): Under general anaesthesia if that is your preference. Recovery is usually 2–3 days.

Many women feel nervous about surgery, and that is why Dr Tan prioritises clear education and giving you choices, so that you feel informed and in control.

Can Endometrial Polyps Be Prevented?

While polyps can’t always be prevented, recurrence can be reduced through:

  • Hormonal treatment

  • Complete removal of the entire polyp and stalk with modern hysteroscopic techniques

  • Managing underlying risk factors, such as weight or hormone imbalances

FAQs

  • Most are painless, though some women may experience discomfort related to heavy or irregular bleeding.

  • Yes, they are associated with inflammation that can interfere with implantation, increasing the risk of miscarriage.

  • Yes, removing polyps can double the chance of conceiving naturally or through IVF.

  • Around 15–20 minutes. 

    Office hysteroscopy allows immediate recovery, while hospital procedures typically require 2–3 days rest.


  • Before menopause, 99% of polyps are benign. After menopause, polyps with bleeding carry around 10% risk of cancer, which is why removal and testing are important.

  • Many procedures are partially covered by Medicare and private health insurance. Contact us for a personalised quote.

  • In-room procedures are generally very well tolerated with only mild cramps. You can opt for a hospital-based surgery under general anaesthesia if preferred.

Every woman’s needs are different, and so is every polyp. Whether you’re concerned about fertility, bleeding, or what comes next, a consultation with Dr Tan can help you make a clear, confident decision.

Book your appointment